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排序方式: 共有1368条查询结果,搜索用时 22 毫秒
991.
Junyi Li Yili Wang Xiaomin Dou Haotian Hao Shuoxun Dong Xia Shao Yanchun Deng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(3):264-276
A novel polycyclodextrin-modified magnetic cationic hydrogel (PCD-MCH) was developed and its performance, kinetics and mechanism for the removal of reactive brilliant red X-3B (X-3B) were studied. The results showed that the zeta-potential of PCD-MCH was 32.8 to 16.7 mV at pH 3.0–10.5. The maximum X-3B adsorption capacity of PCD-MCH was 2792.3 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics could be well-described by the Weber–Morris model and the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM). Diffusion stages corresponding to surface or film diffusion, intra-particle or wide mesopore diffusion, and narrow mesopore/micropore diffusion occurred at 0–120, 120–480 and 480–1200 min, respectively. The latter two diffusion stages were rate-controlling for X-3B adsorption kinetics. At the initial X-3B concentration of 600 mg/L, the diffusion coefficient (Ds) and external mass transfer coefficient in the liquid phase (kF) were 3 × 10?11 cm2/min and 4.68 × 10?6 cm/min, respectively. X-3B approaching the center of PCD-MCH particles could be observed at 360 min. At the end of the third diffusion stage, the Cp at q/qe = 0 was 45.20 mg/L, which was close to the homogeneous Cp value of 46 mg/L along the radius of PCD-MCH particles. At pH 3.0–10.0, PCD-MCH showed stable X-3B adsorption capacities. After five regeneration-reuse cycles, the residual adsorption capacity of regenerated PCD-MCH was higher than 892.7 mg/g. The corresponding adsorption mechanism was identified as involving electrostatic interactions, cyclodextrin cavities and hydrogen bonds, of which cyclodextrin cavities showed prominent capture performance towards dye molecules through the formation of inclusion complexes. 相似文献
992.
Fast screening compositions of PM2.5 by ATR-FTIR: Comparison with results from IC andOC/EC analyzers
Xu Yu Wei Song Qingqing Yu Sheng Li Ming Zhu Yanli Zhang Wei Deng Weiqiang Yang Zhonghui Huang Xinhui Bi Xinming Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(9):76-88
Chemical speciation of fine particles or PM_(2.5) collected on filters is still a costly and timeconsuming task. In this study, filter-based PM_(2.5) samples were collected during November–December 2013 at four sites in Guangzhou, and the major components were fast screened(~7 min per filter sample) by Attenuated Total Reflectance(ATR)-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic(FTIR) in comparison with that measured by Organic carbon/Element carbon(OC/EC) analyzer and Ion Chromatography(IC). The concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, sulfate,primary organic carbon(POC) and secondary organic carbon(SOC) measured by OC/EC and IC analyzers were better correlated with their infrared absorption peak heights at 1320 cm~(-1) for nitrate, 1435, 3045 and 3215 cm~(-1) for ammonium, 615 cm~(-1) for sulfate, 690, 760 and 890 cm~(-1) for POC and 1640 and 1660 cm~(-1) for SOC respectively, during polluted days(PM_(2.5) 75 μg/m~3) than during clean days(PM_(2.5)≤ 75 μg/m~3). With the evolution of a haze episode during our field campaign, the concentrations of the major PM_(2.5) components displayed consistent variations with their infrared absorption peak heights, suggesting ATR-FTIR could be a fast and useful technique to characterize filter-based PM_(2.5) compositions particularly during pollution events although cautions should be taken when PM_(2.5) levels are low. Notably, elevated PM_(2.5) mass concentrations occurred with enhanced ratios of [NO_(-3)]/[SO_4~(2-)] and [NH~(+4)]/[SO_4~(2-)], implying that nitrogenous components play vital roles in the PM_(2.5) pollution events in the study region. 相似文献
993.
Yaoyin Lou Zhi-Long Ye Shaohua Chen Xin Ye Yujun Deng Jianqiao Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(3):144-152
Tetracyclines(TCs) discharged from livestock wastewater have aroused public concerns due to their pharmacological threats to ecosystems and human health. As an important medium in the wastewater, suspended organic matters(SOMs) play vital roles in antibiotics transport and degradation. However, limited information has been reported in the relevant literature. This study investigated TCs sorption behavior on SOM, withdrawn from swine wastewater. High TCs sorption capacities were detected, with the maximum values ranging from 0.337 to 0.679 mg/g. Increasing p H and temperature led to the decline of sorption capacity. Results from three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry revealed that amide and carboxyl groups were the main functional groups for TCs adsorption. The interactions between SOM and TCs were clarified as predominated by hydrogen-bonding and cation-exchange in acid conditions, and electrostatic repulsion in neutral or alkaline conditions. Adsorption kinetics modeling was conducted, and a satisfactory fitting was achieved with the Freundlich equation. These results indicated that the adsorption process was a rather complex process, involving a combination of cation-exchange and hydrogen-bonding. The results will provide a better understanding of the capability of SOM for TCs transport and abatement in the wastewater treatment process. 相似文献
994.
分子筛在铅污染土壤修复中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用溶液试验,从待选钝化材料中初步筛选出对Pb具有较好钝化效果的钝化材料,运用经典混料设计的试验方法,将优选出的13X分子筛、凹凸棒土、粉煤灰三种钝化材料复配成钝化剂,添加到Pb含量为1 500mg/kg的污染土中,添加量为污染土的20%,并保持土壤的含水率35%,3天后取钝化后土壤,采用(HJ/T 300-2007)(固体废物浸出毒性浸出方法醋酸缓冲溶液法)测其浸出液中的重金属Pb含量,采用Minitab软件对混料设计试验数据进行处理,优选出钝化重金属Pb的最佳钝化剂配方:分子筛25%,凹凸棒土42.6%,粉煤灰32.4%,钝化后浸出液中重金属Pb含量为0.027 1 mg/L,明显低于地表水质量标准的Ⅲ类标准0.05 mg/L. 相似文献
995.
Qunan Wang Xin Xi Xiaomei Deng Nian Li Daji Wu Long Zhang Chengwei Yang Fangbiao Tao Jiangning Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(3):252-260
Lambda-cyhalothrin(LCT),one of the type II pyrethroids,has been widely used throughout the world.The estrogenic effect of LCT to increase cell proliferation has been well established.However,whether the estrogenic effect of LCT will influence neurodevelopment has not been investigated.In addition,17β-Estradiol(E2)plays a crucial role in neurodevelopment and induces an increase in synaptic proteins.The post-synaptic density 95(PSD95)protein,which is involved in the development of the structure and function of new spines and localized with estrogen receptor α(ERα)at the post-synaptic density(PSD),was detected in our study by using hippocampal neuron cell line HT22.We found that LCT up-regulated PSD95 and ERα expression,estrogen receptor(ER)antagonist ICI182,780 and phosphatidylinositol-4;5-bisphosphate 3-kinase(PI3K)inhibitor LY294,002 blocked this effect.In addition,LCT disrupted the promotion effect of E2 on PSD95.To investigate whether the observed changes are caused by ERα-dependent signaling activation,we next detected the effects of LCT on the ERα-mediated PI3K-Protein kinase B(PKB/Akt)-eukaryotic initiation factor(e IF)4E-binding protein 1(4E-BP1)pathway.There existed an activation of Akt and the downstream factor 4E-BP1 after LCT treatment.In addition,LCT could disrupt the activation effect of E2 on the Akt pathway.However,no changes in c AMP response element-binding protein(CREB)activation and PSD95 messenger ribonucleic acid(m RNA)were observed.Our findings demonstrated that LCT could increase the PSD95 protein level via the ERα-dependent Akt pathway,and LCT might disrupt the up-regulation effect of E2 on PSD95 protein expression via this signaling pathway. 相似文献
996.
Bin Wang Ning Li Furong Deng Nicholas Buglak George Park Shu Su Aiguo Ren Guofeng Shen Shu Tao Xinbiao Guo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(9):201-210
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the exacerbation of respiratory diseases following sandstorm-derived particulate matter(PM) exposure.The presence of anthropogenic and biological agents on the sandstorm PM and the escalation of PM 2.5 μm(PM2.5)pollution in China have led to serious concerns regarding the health effects of PM2.5during Asian sandstorms.We investigated how changes in PM2.5composition,as the weather transitioned towards a sandstorm,affected human airway epithelial cells.Six PM2.5samples covering two sandstorm events and their respective background and transition periods were collected in Baotou,an industrial city near the Gobi Desert in China.PM samples from all three periods had mild cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B,which was positively correlated with the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and several metals.All PM samples potently increased the release of interleukin-6(IL-6) and interleukin-8(IL-8).Endotoxin in all samples contributed significantly to the IL-6 response,with only a minor effect on IL-8.Cr was positively correlated with both IL-6 and IL-8 release,while Si was only associated with the increase of IL-6.Our study suggests that local agricultural and industrial surroundings in addition to the sandstorm play important roles in the respiratory effects of sandstorm-derived PM. 相似文献
997.
998.
钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
介绍了钻井清洁生产的核心设备——钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的原理、流程和处理效果。实践证明,用这种一体化设备处理普通聚合物钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,设备排水质量可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(一级标准或二级标准);当用于处理高温深井聚合物-磺酸盐复杂钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,除了COD外, 排出水的主要水质指标可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(二级标准)。用该设备处理后的泥渣含水率低于55%,泥渣体积减少了88%。 相似文献
999.
1000.